Philosophy - isms

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Absolutism    believes in the theory    Government by a Single Absolute Ruler; Autocracy

Absurdism    believes in the theory    We Live in an Irrational Universe

Academicism    believes in the theory    Nothing Can Be Known

Accidentalism    believes in the theory    Events Do Not Have Causes

Acosmism    believes in the theory    Disbelief in Existence of Eternal Universe Distinct from God

Adamitism    believes in the theory    Nakedness for Religious Reasons

Adevism    believes in the theory    Denial of Gods of Mythology and Legend

Adiaphorism    believes in the theory    Theological Indifference or Latitudinarianism

Adoptionism    believes in the theory    Christ Was the Adopted and Not Natural Son of God

Aestheticism    believes in the theory    Beauty is Central to Other Moral Principles

Agapism    believes in the theory    Ethics of Love

Agathism    believes in the theory    Ultimate Triumph of Good Despite Evil Means

Agnosticism    believes in the theory    We Know Nothing Beyond Material Phenomena

Anarchism    believes in the theory    All Governments Should Be Abolished

Animism    believes in the theory    Attribution of Soul to Inanimate Objects

Annihilationism    believes in the theory    The Wicked Are Utterly Destroyed After Death

Anthropomorphism    believes in the theory    Attribution of Human Qualities to Non-human Things

Anthropotheism    believes in the theory    Gods Are Only Deified Men

Antidisestablishmentarianism    believes in the theory    Opposition to Removal of Church of England's Official Religion Status

Antilapsarianism    believes in the theory    The Fall of Humanity

Antinomianism    believes in the theory    The Rejection of Moral Law

Antipedobaptism    believes in the theory    Denial of Validity of Infant Baptism

Apocalypticism    believes in the theory    The Imminent End of the World

Asceticism    believes in the theory    Self-denial of the Body Permits Spiritual Enlightenment

Aspheterism    believes in the theory    Denial of the Right to Private Property

Atheism    believes in the theory    There is No God

Atomism    believes in the theory    The Universe Consists of Small Indivisible Particles

Autosoterism    believes in the theory    One Can Obtain Salvation Through Oneself

Autotheism    believes in the theory    One is God Incarnate or That One is Christ

Bitheism    believes in the theory    Two Gods

Bonism    believes in the theory    The World is Good but Not Perfect

Bullionism    believes in the theory    The Importance of Metallic Currency in Economics

Capitalism    believes in the theory    Private Ownership and Free Markets Should Govern Economics

Casualism    believes in the theory    Chance Governs All Things

Catabaptism    believes in the theory    Opposition to Infant Baptism

Catastrophism    believes in the theory    Rapid Geological and Biological Change

Collectivism    believes in the theory    Communal Control of Means of Production

Collegialism    believes in the theory    Church is Dependent from the State

Conceptualism    believes in the theory    Universal Truths Exist As Mental Concepts

Conservatism    believes in the theory    Maintaining Political and Social Traditions

Constructivism    believes in the theory    Knowledge and Reality Do Not Have an Objective Value

Cosmism    believes in the theory    Cosmos is a Self-existing Whole

Cosmotheism    believes in the theory    Identifies God With the Cosmos

Deism    believes in the theory    God but Rejection of Religion

Determinism    believes in the theory    Events Are Predetermined by Preceding Events or Laws

Ditheism    believes in the theory    Two Equal Gods, One Good and One Evil

Ditheletism    believes in the theory    Christ Had Two Wills

Dphysitism    believes in the theory    Dual Nature of Christ

Dualism    believes in the theory    Universe is Controlled by One Good and One Evil Force

Egalitarianism    believes in the theory    Humans Ought to Be Equal in Rights and Privileges

Egoism    believes in the theory    Pursuit of Self-interest is the Highest Good

Egotheism    believes in the theory    Identification of Oneself With God

Eidolism    believes in the theory    Ghosts

Emotivism    believes in the theory    Moral Statements Are Inherently Biased

Empiricism    believes in the theory    Experience of the Senses is the Only Source of Knowledge

Entryism    believes in the theory    Joining a Group to Change Its Policies

Epiphenomenalism    believes in the theory    Mental Processes Are Epiphenomena of Brain Activity

Eternalism    believes in the theory    Matter Has Existed Eternally

Eudaemonism Ethical    believes in the theory    Happiness Equals Morality

Euhemerism    believes in the theory    Explanation of Mythology As Growing out of History

Existentialism    believes in the theory    Individual Human Responsibility in an Unfathomable Universe

Experientialism    believes in the theory    Knowledge Comes from Experience

Fallibilism    believes in the theory    Empirical Knowledge is Uncertain

Fatalism    believes in the theory    Events Are Fixed and Humans Are Powerless

Fideism    believes in the theory    Knowledge Depends on Faith over Reason

Finalism    believes in the theory    An End Has or Can Be Reached

Fortuitism    believes in the theory    Evolution by Chance Variation

Functionalism    believes in the theory    Emphasising Utility and Function

Geocentrism    believes in the theory    Earth is the Centre of the Universe

Gnosticism    believes in the theory    Freedom Derives Solely from Knowledge

Gradualism    believes in the theory    Things Proceed by Degrees

Gymnobiblism    believes in the theory    Bible Can Be Presented to Unlearned Without Commentary

Hedonism    believes in the theory    Pleasure is the Highest Good

Henism    believes in the theory    There is Only One Kind of Existence

Henotheism    believes in the theory    One Tribal God, but Not As the Only God

Historicism    believes in the theory    All Phenomena Are Historically Determined

Holism    believes in the theory    Parts of Any Thing Must Be Understood in Relation to the Whole

Holobaptism    believes in the theory    Baptism With Total Immersion in Water

Humanism    believes in the theory    Human Interests and Mind Are Paramount

Humanitarianism    believes in the theory    Highest Moral Obligation is to Improve Human Welfare

Hylicism    believes in the theory    Materialism

Hylomorphism    believes in the theory    Matter is Cause of the Universe

Hylopathism    believes in the theory    Ability of Matter to Affect the Spiritual World

Hylotheism    believes in the theory    Universe is Purely Material

Hylozoism    believes in the theory    All Matter is Endowed With Life

Idealism    believes in the theory    Our Experiences of the World Consist of Ideas

Identism    believes in the theory    Objective and Subjective, or Matter and Mind, Are Identical

Ignorantism    believes in the theory    Ignorance is a Favourable Thing

Illuminism    believes in the theory    An Inward Spiritual Light

Illusionism    believes in the theory    External World is Philosophy

Imagism    believes in the theory    Use of Precise Images With Unrestricted Subject

Immanentism    believes in the theory    An Immanent or Permanent God Immanent means inherent in the world or the individual

Immaterialism    believes in the theory    There is No Material Substance

Immoralism    believes in the theory    Rejection of Morality

Indifferentism    believes in the theory    All Religions Are Equally Valid

Individualism    believes in the theory    Individual Interests and Rights Are Paramount

Instrumentalism    believes in the theory    Ideas Are Instruments of Action

Intellectualism    believes in the theory    All Knowledge is Derived from Reason

Interactionism    believes in the theory    Mind and Body Act on Each Other

Introspectionism    believes in the theory    Knowledge of Mind Must Derive from Introspection

Intuitionism    believes in the theory    Perception of Truth is by Intuition

Irreligionism    believes in the theory    System of Belief That is Hostile to Religions

Kathenotheism    believes in the theory    Polytheism in Which Each God is Considered Single and Supreme

Kenotism    believes in the theory    Christ Rid Himself of Divinity in Becoming Human

Laicism    believes in the theory    Opposition to Clergy and Priests

Latitudinarianism    believes in the theory    Broad Liberality in Religious Belief and Conduct

Laxism    believes in the theory    An Unlikely Opinion May Be Safely Followed

Legalism    believes in the theory    Salvation Depends on Strict Adherence to the Law

Liberalism    believes in the theory    Social Change and Tolerance

Libertarianism    believes in the theory    Personal Liberty is the Highest Value

Malism    believes in the theory    The World is Evil

Materialism    believes in the theory    Matter is Only Extant Substance

Mechanism    believes in the theory    Life is Explainable by Mechanical Forces

Meliorism    believes in the theory    The World Tends to Become Better

Mentalism    believes in the theory    The World Can Be Explained As Aspect of the Mind

Messianism    believes in the theory    A Single Messiah or Saviour

Millenarianism    believes in the theory    Ideal Society Will Be Produced in the Near Future

Modalism    believes in the theory    Unity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit

Monadism    believes in the theory    There Exist Ultimate Units of Being

Monergism    believes in the theory    The Holy Spirit Alone Can Act

Monism    believes in the theory    All Things Can Be Placed in One Category

Monophysitism    believes in the theory    Christ Was Primarily Divine but in Human Form

Monopsychism    believes in the theory    Individuals Have a Single Eternal Soul

Monotheism    believes in the theory    Only One God

Monotheletism    believes in the theory    Christ Only Had One Will

Mortalism    believes in the theory    The Soul is Mortal

Mutualism    believes in the theory    Mutual Dependence of Society and the Individual

Nativism    believes in the theory    The Mind Possesses Inborn Thoughts

Naturalism    believes in the theory    The World Can Be Explained in Terms of Natural Forces

Necessarianism    believes in the theory    Actions Are Determined by Prior History; Fatalism

Neonomianism    believes in the theory    The Gospel Abrogates Earlier Moral Codes

Neovitalism    believes in the theory    The Total Material Explanation is Impossible

Nihilism    believes in the theory    Denial of All Reality; Extreme Scepticism

Nominalism    believes in the theory    Naming of Things Defines Reality

Nomism    believes in the theory    Moral Conduct Consists in Observance of Laws

Noumenalism    believes in the theory    Existence of Noumena

Nullibilism    believes in the theory    Denial That the Soul Exists in Space

Numenism    believes in the theory    Local Deities or Spirits

Objectivism    believes in the theory    All Reality is Objective

Omnism    believes in the theory    All Religions

Optimism    believes in the theory    We Live in the Best of All Possible Worlds

Organicism    believes in the theory    Conception of Life or Society As an Organism

Paedobaptism    believes in the theory    Infant Baptism

Panaesthetism    believes in the theory    Consciousness May Adhere Generally in Matter

Pancosmism    believes in the theory    The Material Universe is All That Exists

Panegoism    believes in the theory    Solipsism

Panentheism    believes in the theory    The World is Part but Not All of God's Being

Panpsychism    believes in the theory    All Nature Has a Psychic Side

Pansexualism    believes in the theory    All Thought Derived from Sexual Instinct

Panspermatism    believes in the theory    Origin of Life from Extraterrestrial Germs

Pantheism    believes in the theory    The Universe is God

Panzoism    believes in the theory    Humans and Animals Share Vital Life Energy

Parallelism    believes in the theory    Matter and Mind Don't Interact but Relate

Pejorism    believes in the theory    Severe Pessimism

Perfectibilism    believes in the theory    Humans Capable of Becoming Perfect

Perfectionism    believes in the theory    Moral Perfection Constitutes the Highest Value

Personalism    believes in the theory    Humans Possess Spiritual Freedom

Pessimism    believes in the theory    The Universe is Essentially Evil

Phenomenalism    believes in the theory    Phenomena Are the Only Realities

Physicalism    believes in the theory    All Phenomena Reducible to Verifiable Assertions

Physitheism    believes in the theory    Attribution of Physical Form and Attributes to Deities

Pluralism    believes in the theory    Reality Consists of Several Kinds of Entities

Polytheism    believes in the theory    Multiple Deities

Positivism    believes in the theory    That Which is Not Observable is Not Knowable

Pragmatism    believes in the theory    Emphasizing Practical Value of Philosophy

Predestinarianism    believes in the theory    What Ever is to Happen is Already Fixed

Prescriptivism    believes in the theory    Moral Edicts Are Merely Orders With No Truth Value

Primitivism    believes in the theory    A Simple and Natural Life is Morally Best

Privatism    believes in the theory    Attitude of Avoiding Involvement in Outside Interests

Probabiliorism    believes in the theory    When in Doubt One Must Choose Most Likely Answer

Probabilism    believes in the theory    Knowledge is Always Probable but Never Absolute

Psilanthropism    believes in the theory    Denial of Christ's Divinity

Psychism    believes in the theory    Universal Soul

Psychomorphism    believes in the theory    Inanimate Objects Have Human Mentality

Psychopannychism    believes in the theory    Souls Sleep from Death to Resurrection

Pychotheism    believes in the theory    God is a Purely Spirtual Entity

Pyrrhonism    believes in the theory    Total or Radical Skepticism

Quietism    believes in the theory    Enlightenment Through Mental Tranquility

Racism    believes in the theory    Race is the Primary Determinant of Human Capacities

Rationalism    believes in the theory    Reason is the Fundamental Source of Knowledge

Realism    believes in the theory    Objects of Cognition Are Real

Reductionism    believes in the theory    Complex Phenomena Are Reducible to Simple Ones

Regalism    believes in the theory    The Monarch's Supremacy in Church Affairs

Representationalism    believes in the theory    Ideas Rather Than External Objects Are Basis of Knowledge

Republicanism    believes in the theory    A Republic is the Best Form of Government

Resistentialism    believes in the theory    Inanimate Objects Display Malice Towards Humans

Romanticism    believes in the theory    Sentimental Feeling in Artistic Expression

Sacerdotalism    believes in the theory    Priests Are Necessary Mediators Between God and Mankind

Sacramentarianism    believes in the theory    Sacraments Have Unusual Properties

Scientism    believes in the theory    Methods of Science Are Universally Applicable

Self-determinism    believes in the theory    The Actions of a Self Are Determined by Itself

Sensationalism    believes in the theory    Ideas Originate Soley in Sensation

Siderism    believes in the theory    The Stars Influence Human Affairs

Skepticism    believes in the theory    The True Knowledge is Always Uncertain

Socialism    believes in the theory    Centralized State Control of Wealth and Property

Solarism    believes in the theory    Excessive Use of Solar Myths in Explaining Mythology

Solifidianism    believes in the theory    Faith Alone Will Ensure Salvation

Solipsism    believes in the theory    Self-existence is the Only Certainty

Spatialism    believes in the theory    Matter Has Only Spatial, Temporal and Casual Properties

Spiritualism    believes in the theory    Nothing is Real Except the Soul or Spirit

Stercoranism    believes in the theory    The Consecrated Eucharist is Digested and Evacuated

Stoicism    believes in the theory    Indifference to Pleasure or Pain

Subjectivism    believes in the theory    All Knowledge is Subjective

Substantialism    believes in the theory    There is a Real Existence Underlying Phenomena

Syndicalism    believes in the theory    Direct Worker Control of Capital

Synergism    believes in the theory    Human and Divine Spirit Cooperate in Salvation

Terminism    believes in the theory    There is a Time Limit for Repentance

Thanatism    believes in the theory    The Soul Dies With the Body

Theism    believes in the theory    The Existence of God Without Special Revelation

Theocentrism    believes in the theory    God is Central Fact of Existence

Theopantism    believes in the theory    God is the Only Reality

Theopsychism    believes in the theory    The Soul is of a Divine Nature

Thnetopsychism    believes in the theory    The Soul Dies With the Body, to Be Reborn on Day of Judgement

Titanism    believes in the theory    Spirit of Revolt or Defiance Against Social Conventions

Tolerationism    believes in the theory    Toleration of Religious Differences

Totemism    believes in the theory    A Group Has a Special Kinship With an Object or Animal

Transcendentalism    believes in the theory    Emphasizes That Which Transcends Perception

Transmigrationism    believes in the theory    The Soul Passes Into Other Body at Death

Trialism    believes in the theory    Humans Have Three Separate Essences (body, Soul, Spirit)

Tritheism    believes in the theory    Members of the Trinity Are Separate Gods

Triumphalism    believes in the theory    The Superiority of One Particular Religious Creed

Tuism    believes in the theory    Individuals Have a Second or Other Self

Tutiorism    believes in the theory    One Should Take the Safer Moral Course

Tychism    believes in the theory    Accepts Role of Pure Chance

Ubiquitarianism    believes in the theory    Christ is Everywhere

Undulationism    believes in the theory    Light Consists of Waves

Universalism    believes in the theory    Universal Salvation

Utilitarianism    believes in the theory    Utility of Actions Determines Moral Value

Vitalism    believes in the theory    That There is a Vital Force Behind Life

Voluntarism    believes in the theory    The Will Dominates the Intellect

Zoism    believes in the theory    Life Originates from a Single Vital Principle

Zoomorphism    believes in the theory    Conception of a God or Man in Animal Form

Zootheism    believes in the theory    Attribution of Divine Qualities to Animals

Facts contributed by:

Bowler